ANTIMICROBIAL AND PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING OF Nauclea latifolia

AUTHOR: AHUOCHA, PAULINE AMAKA 

DEPARTMENT: APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BREWING

AFFILIATION: NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA

In vitro effect of Nauclea latifolia leaf extract in ethanol, hot water and cold water at concentrations of 400, 200, 100 and 50mg/ml were tested on some pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and fungal strains such as Candida albicans and Aspergillus flavus. Using agar well diffusion method, both the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the leaves showed visible inhibitory effect when compared to the positive control. The ethanolic and hot water extracts of N. latifolia showed zones of inhibition ranging from 12 – 26mm and 10 – 26mm on S.aureus and P.aeruginosa respectively at concentrations of 50 – 400mg/ml. The ethanolic extract was observed to be more potent. The cold water extract showed activity (7mm) against only P. aeruginosa at concentrations of 400mg/ml and 200mg/ml. No zones of inhibition waere observed on both ethanolic and aqueous leaf extracts on the fungal organisms at all concentrations. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts showed bacteristatic and bactericidal activity on the test bacterial organisms. The MIC ranges from 200 – 400mg/ml on all the test bacterial organisms. The MBC ranges from 200 – 400mg/ml. Phytochemical analysis of ethanol and hot water extracts of N. latifolia leaf revealed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, tannins, glycosides and reducing sugars. This study justifies the use of N. latifolia as a potential source of antibiotic.

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Tags: Alkaloids, Cyanogenic Glycosides, Drug Discovery from Plants, Flavonoids, Medicinal Plants, Microbiology & Brewing Thesis 2010., Nauclea latifolia, Phytochemicals, Properties of N. latifolia, Saponins, Tannins, Taxonomy of Nauclea latifolia, Traditional medicine, Types of Phytochemicals, Uses of N. latifolia