ASSESSMENT OF STRATEGIES FOR EFFECTIVE TEACHING OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP BY BUSINESS EDUCATION TEACHERS IN TERTIARY INSTITUTIONS IN SOUTH-SOUTH NIGERIA

AUTHOR: JIMOH-KADIRI SIDIKAT OSAMUEDE

DEPARTMENT: VOCATIONAL EDUCATION

AFFILIATION: NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY, AWKA

This study sought to ascertain the effective strategies for teaching entrepreneurship skills in tertiary institutions in the south-south zone of Nigeria as considered by business education teachers. Four research questions were formulated and four hypotheses were posed and tested at 0.05 level of significance. Descriptive survey design was employed. The population consisted of 210 business education teachers in tertiary institutions in the south-south zone of Nigeria as at October, 2009. There was no sampling, since the 210 business education teachers were manageable in number; the population remained as the sample. The instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire with 43 items. The instrument was validated by five experts and its reliability coefficient was 0.82. The data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation in answering the research questions and inferential statistics of z-test for testing the null hypotheses. Data analysis revealed that teacher-oriented, student-oriented and assignment-oriented strategies were considered effective for teaching entrepreneurship courses. On the other hand, games and simulation strategies were considered not effective for teaching entrepreneurship courses. The data also revealed that gender, experience, type of institutions and availability of instructional facilities had no significant influence on business education teachers’ consideration of the effectiveness of teaching strategies. Based on the results of the findings, the following, among other recommendations were made: (1) very few business education teachers have clear understanding of how games and simulation strategies operate, they should be encouraged to go for further training on how to use these strategies, (2) employment and deployment of teachers in schools at all levels should not be gender-biased and (3) entrepreneurship education should be made compulsory to all students from primary to tertiary institutions in order, to prepare them for self and venture creation, employment after graduation.

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THE CONCEPT OF CIVIL DISOBEDIENCE IN JOHN RAWLS AND THE NIGERIAN DEMOCRATIC EXPERIENCE: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS

AUTHOR: OSUJI KELECHI OGBONNA

DEPARTMENT: PHILOSOPHY

AFFILIATION: NNAMDI AZIKIWE UNIVERSITY AWKA

The history of social and political philosophy is a history in search of a balance between authority and liberty. In an attempt to solve this problem, some political concepts are raised which are problematic in themselves. These include: who has the authority to tell another person what he must do in the society? What should a person do when he sees that a law is unjust? Amidst all these and other questions, some political philosophers have come up with different ideas. Thomas Hobbes in his Leviathan agrees that authority is absolute and must be obeyed and respected while Thomas Aquinas in his Natural law theory argues that if authority infringes on human rights of the citizens, the authority should be disobeyed. It is on these divergent ideas of political philosophers that John Rawls came up with his reconciliatory theory which tends to uphold the authority as well as showing some failures and violations of authority in the form of non-compliance (Civil disobedience) for a corrective measure. This “civil disobedience” of John Rawls tends to bring about changes in unjust policies. This work tries to critically analyze the concept of Civil disobedience in Rawls’ political philosophy as a non-compliance theory with authority and relating it to the Nigerian democratic experience to see whether it is the panacea to our perennial socio-political, religious and economic problems or whether there is another viable alternative judging from our democratic antecedents. The method of this research is critical and analytic method. However, the result of this research shows that the civil disobedience propounded by John Rawls has not been effective and result-oriented in the Nigerian Democratic experience because the ideals of democracy have not been integrated into our democratic consciousness.

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